Improvement in fliers of spinning-machines



UNITED STATES `PATENT OFFICE'.

oLivER PEARL, oE LAWRENCE, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN FLIERS OF SPINNING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37,702, dated February 17, 1863.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER PEARL, of Lawrence, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Fliers of Spinning-Frames; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.

Figure I is a view of the flier, with the spindle, bobbin, and whirl; Fig. II, plan of top of hier; Fig. III, section of old and new flier-arms; Fig. IV, plan of base of iiier; Fig. V, area of surface ot' tlier; Fig. VI, section and elevation of flier-arms.

My improvement in iiiers relates to certain changes in their construction and form, by which several important advantages are attained, viz: diminution of the resistance of the air when the iiier is revolving, increased stiiiness and strength of the flier, an increase of the quantity of yarn that can be put upon the bobbin, also a reduction of the weight of the iiier in consequence of its increased stiffness. It is intended mainly for use in a throttle-frame with the spindle termed the dead-spindle,7 in which the bobbin that contains the yarn, and also the spindle, are nearly stationary, while the flier, which draws,

twists, and winds up the yarn, revolves around the spindle. In cotton-mills using this system of Spinnin g the power to drive the iiier is found to be a very large proportion of the whole amount required for the machine, this result being due to its weight, its high velocity, the resistance of the air, and the production of the twist. It therefore becomes a matter ofgreat importance that the flier be made to combine Strength with lightness, and at the same time present as small a surface as possible to be resisted by the air when itis revolving.

In Fig. I, A represents the spindle, which is held in a vertical position by suitable bearings, the bottom of the spindle resting upon a transverse rail, which raises and lowers the bobbin H, that is supported upon the bottom E, resting upon a shoulder formed upon the spindle at F. The tlier K I J is turned by a band applied to the whirl B, the upper part of the whirl being made with a square shoulder, c, which fits a square aperture, D, Fig.

III, in the bottom of the iiier. To ea"ch end of the horizontal piece J the vertical arms I Il are attached. They are about eight inches in length, and are bent inward at the top K, and brazed to the Hier-nose L, Figs. I and II, in such a position that the ilat sides are in the direction of a tangent to the bobbiu, and the edges are presented to the air in the direction of the rotation. The ilier-nose is circular, and runs in a bushed bearing in the top rail, M. The thread R, as it is spun, passes through a small hole, Q, in the nose L, then around one of the arms ofthe ilier, then under the guide-wire o or o', from which it is wound upon the bobbin H. I make the arms of the lier I I of swaged iron, attened from the circular form of the wire N, Fig. VI, to the form shown at I, the wire being flat on both sides and having semicircular or rounded edges. The fliers revolve in the direction shown by the dotted lines in Fig. III. The difference in the area presented to the air is shown in Fig. V, the square T being the total area of the Hier-arms I I and the square U the area of the common arms of round wire, N N. Ihe velocity of the flier is about ve thousand revolutions per minute, or thirtytwo miles per hour; consequently the resistance of the air is very great, and the reduction which is effected of thirty-tive per cent. of the area of the tlier in the direction of its rotation results in a great saving of power.

The flier is made of the common iron wire, untempered. By swaging or compressing the wire into the iiattened or oval form it becomes more elastic, and its strength ismuch increased. v

A great many iiiers of the ordinary construction are bent, and destroyed by being accidentally struck near the middle, while iliers on my plan may be instantly stopped by an iron bolt or rod without injury.

It is obvious that it' formed as herein described the iiier may be made of a smaller and lighter wire, and at the same time possess equal strength and stiffness, the reduction in weight being from ten to twenty per cent., according to the required size of the flier.

As the space between the tlier-armsis enlarged by tlattenin g the wire, the bobbin can be of greater diameter, and thus contain more yarn. The space occupied by a machine is also reduced, for, as the fliers are of less the nose, so as to be nearly in a tangent to diameter, the spindles can be set nearer to the bobbin, and present the thin edge of the each other. arm to the air when revolving.

What I claim and desire to seeure'by Letters Patent, is; OLIVER PEARL. [L.s.]

The combination 0f the nose or upper bear- In presence 0fing of the lier with Jche sides 0r arms, made JOHN K. TARBOX, of flattened Wire, and brazed or attached to HENRY J. UOUCH. 

